In the Caribbean islands, the word jumbies refers collectively to any and all vampiric creatures of the night. They are described as looking like a CORPSE CANDLE flying through the night sky as they seek out those who travel alone in the dark or children to drain dry of their blood. Apart from their desire to drink blood, jumbies also “RIDE” a person, much the way an ALP or INCUBUS does, draining the victim of his life, sexual energy, and sperm (see ENERGY VAMPIRE).
Jumbies can be good or evil and have been seen in populated downtown areas where the streetlights happen not to reach. Oftentimes one will hover just outside a window, peeking in as it hunts for prey. Because of this hunting technique, one should never throw water out a window because a wet jumbie is a special kind of dangerous and vengeful creature.
Jumbies move by their ability to fly, but they can do so only over continuous ground; it cannot fly across water, off a cliff, or over a hole. What they can do that other vampires of their type cannot, such as the CORPSE CANDLE, is steal the voice of a child in order to have a voice so that it may speak.
The jumbie by day wears a faux human skin and can pass as a person, but at night the skin is removed and the CORPSE CANDLE is free to go hunting. If the skin can be found and rubbed with SALT, it will cause it to shrivel up. When the jumbie returns just before daybreak, it will find that its skin does not fit and the creature will perish when exposed to the light of day.
Source: Abrahams, Man-of-Words, 45, 179; Allsopp, Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage, 317; Bell, Obeah, 121-126, 144, 158; Philpott, West Indian Migration, 49, 154, 158
Buddhist text tells tales of a vampiric REVENANT with large, blood-filled eyes and thick fingernails called a jikininki (“corpse-eater demon”). Created when a greedy, materialistic, and selfish priest dies, it returns and scavenges in the night for human corpses to feed upon, keeping any valuables it may find for itself at night. By day, a jikininki lives what would pass as a normal life. Jikininki hate themselves for what they have become, the lowestranked creature in its religious order of being. By making offerings to its spirit, the jikininki can be convinced to gather up its found treasures and seek out a brave warrior to kill it in battle.
Source: Bush, Asian Horror Encyclopedia, 88; Chopra, Dictionary of Mythology, 155; Hearn, Kwaidan, 72
When a person who has made numerous mistakes in his life dies, according to the Japanese Buddhist doctrine, his soul is condemned to reincarnate as a vampiric creature known as a jikiketsu-gaki. It is described as a gaunt humanoid with dark, oily skin; deep-set bloodshot eyes; ragged clothes; and sharp yellow teeth and claws. It is cunning and intelligent and has an utterly unquenchable thirst for human blood. The only way to stop such a creature is to destroy it; a wooden stake must be driven through its heart, as wood is the only material both strong enough to penetrate the body as well as porous enough to absorb all of its blood.
Source: Hearn, KottÉ, 189; Hearn, Kwaidan, 209, 212; Hurwood, Passport to the Supernatural, 94; Watson, Rural Sanitation in the Tropics, 186
Oftentimes called the female equivalent of the JIGAR KHOY, the jigarkhwar of the Sindh region of India is, although similar in many ways, distinctively
different enough to be its own type of VAMPIRIC WITCH. The jigarkhwar uses her power of hypnosis to place a person into a trancelike state in order to steal his liver. After the organ has been stolen, the witch returns to her home and cooks it. While this is occurring, the victim falls suddenly ill. As soon as the last bite of the liver is eaten, the person’s life-energy has been consumed, and he die (see ENERGY VAMPIRE).
The spell can be reversed as long as a single bite of the liver remains uneaten. As soon as it is eaten, the person’s fate is sealed.
Source: Crooke, Introduction to the Popular Religion, 69-70, 72, 168-171; Hodivala, Studies in Indo-Muslim History, 460; Pakistan Historical Society, Journal, vol.26, 153-154
In the North Indian nomadic tribes of the Bhils, Kols, and Santals there exists a type of VAMPIRIC WITCH called a jigar khoy, or a JIGARKHWAR if a woman. The jigar khoy uses his hypnosis skills to place a person into a trancelike state. Then, using magic, he steals a small seed from inside the person’s body that contains his life-energy (see ENERGY VAMPIRE). The witch implants the seed into his own calf muscle and uses his telepathic ability to call other jigar khoy to a meal. The witch will roast his leg over a fire; this causes the seed to grow in size. When it is large enough, he cuts out the seed and serves it as a meal to his guests, along with some of his own flesh. After the meal has been completely eaten, the person from whom the seed was taken dies. It is suspected that by use of magic the leg muscle is somehow healed or replaced.
The jigar khoy witch can seek out an appropriate apprentice to learn the evilness that is the witch’s purpose for being. After learning the spells, the student must then eat a cake that has bits of human liver in it. Once the cake is eaten, the student is no longer fully human but rather a fellow jigar khoy, which translates to mean “liver eater”.
Among the basic acts of evil the jigar khoy will commit when the opportunity presents itself, it will also be able to steal the intestines of a person, chew on them, and then place them back inside the person. Jigar khoy do this to feed off the pain it causes.
Having a jigar khoy in one’s tribe in very dangerous. If someone is suspected of being a jigar khoy witch, he is bound hand and foot to a large boulder, which is then rolled into a body of water. The belief is that no matter how large the stone is, the jigar khoy will not allow the rock to sink.
In Slavic regions, Serbia in particular, there is a species of vampire known as a jedogonja. It has a hairy body, red eyes, and sharp teeth (see HAIR). It feeds on animals and the blood of the people it knew in life through a hole that it bites into their chests. It spreads an epidemic wherever it goes and anyone who is killed by a jedogonja or died because of the disease it carries may come back to unlife as this type of vampire. Horses and oxen are particularly sensitive to this vampire and become nervous when one is near. If someone leads one of these animals around a cemetery, it will balk and refuse to pass over the grave of a vampire. Once the resting place of the vampire has been found, the body can be exhumed during the day and burned to ash.
Source: Georgieva, Bulgarian Mythology, 100; Hastings, Encyclopaedia of Religion, 624; Khanam, Demonology, 251; Pócs, Fairies and Witches, 56
Ужасный северный дракон-жаба из эстонского фольклора. Пятнистый монстр с туловищем вола, лапами жабы и хвостом длиной в милю, который испускал дым, палил огнем и пожирал девиц (1579: с.112):
Ennemuiste elanud üks väga kole metsaline, kes põhjamaalt välja tulles tüki maailma inimestest ja elajatest paljaks teinud, ja aegamööda kõik elavad loomad maa pealt oleks ära hävitanud, kui keegi tema vastu abi ei oleks leidnud.
Metsalisel olnud härjavärki keha ja konnavärki jalad, ees kaks lühikest ja taga kaks pikka, nii et ta igal hüppamisel poole penikoormat maad ära mõõtnud, õnneks pidanud ta paar aastat seal paika, kuhu ta enese kord maha oli lasknud, ega läinud enne edasi, kuni kõik ümberkaudsed kohad paljaks olid söödud.
Keha olnud konnal üleni soomustega kaetud, mis tugevamad kui kivi ja raud, nii et ükski asi temale viga ei võinud teha. Tema kaks suurt silma hiilanud öösel ja päeval kui heledamad küünlad, ja kes nende valgust õnnetul viisil korra juhtunud nägema, see olnud kui ära tehtud ja pidanud temale ise söödaks suhu minema.
F.R.Kreutzwald. Eesti rahva ennemuistsed jutud. Põhja konn(*)
Жил когда-то, рассказывают старые люди, некий страшный зверь. Появился он с севера, уничтожил на большом пространстве всех людей и животных и, пожалуй, истребил бы все живое на земле, если бы люди не нашли против него защиту.
Культурно-географическая классификация существ:Культурна-геаграфічная класіфікацыя істот:Kulturalno-geograficzna klasyfikacja istot:Культурно-географічна класифікація істот:Cultural and geographical classification of creatures:
Haitian vampire lore tells us of a werewolf-vampire hybrid called jé rouge (“red eyed”). When an evil person dies, he can rise from the grave as a wolf that feeds only on human blood. The only known way to destroy this creature is to behead it using a new sexton’s spade. Once this is accomplishled, the head must be thrown into a river.
Source: D’Argent, Voodoo, 42-43; Desmangles, Faces of the Gods, 95, 145; Métraux, Voodoo in Haiti, 89-90; Stein, Encyclopedia of the Paranormal, 801
Же Руж
Гаитянские предания о вампирах рассказывают нам о гибриде оборотня и вампира, называемого же руж («красноглазый»). Когда злой человек умирает, он может подняться из могилы как волк, который питается только человеческой кровью. Единственный способ уничтожить это существо — обезглавить, используя новую лопату могильщика. Как только это будет проделано, голову необходимо бросить в реку.
Источники: D’Argent, «Voodoo», 42-43; Desmangles, «Faces of the Gods», 95, 145; Métraux, «Voodoo in Haiti», 89-90; Stein, «Encyclopedia of the Paranormal», 801
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