In Spain there is a living VAMPIRIC WITCH known as a bruja (“witch”). By day she is a beautiful woman living an ordinary life (see LIVING VAMPIRE), but by night, through the use of her magic, she hunts for children and lonely travelers to attack and drain of blood. The bruja is most powerful between the hours of midnight and 2 A.M. She also regularly meets with others of her kind every Tuesday and Friday at a predetermined crossroad. Once gathered together, they will worship the devil and develop their various evil powers such as use of the evil eye (“malocchio”) and shape-shifting into various animals like ants, doves, ducks, geese, and rats.
Before the introduction of Christianity to Portugal, the bruja could be warded off with iron. Keeping some nails under a child’s bed or a pair of scissors in a pocket was protection enough. After the arrival of Christianity, talismans of protection against the evil eye could be purchased. There were also various incantations that could be recited as well, but the simplest means of protection was to regularly consume GARLIC. Some folks even went as far as to sew GARLIC into their clothes.
Should a child actually survive an attack from a bruja, the mother must boil the infant’s clothes and jab them with sharp iron instruments. By doing so, she is actually inflicting harm upon the witch, ensuring that she will leave her child alone, but the retaliatory assault will not kill her. There is no known method of destruction for a bruja.
There are a few regional bits of lore that tie the bruja with lycanthropy and the demonic SUCCUBUS, but that is most likely due to the witch’s shape-changing ability and her beauty.
A vampiric REVENANT from the Greek Isles, the bruculacas looks like a corpse with tightly drawn, red skin (see GREEK VAMPIRES). A foulsmelling and filthy creature, its body cavity is filled with slime and excrement, spreading the plague wherever it goes. It preys on humans for their blood.
Source: Maberry, Vampire Universe, 57
Брукулакас (Бруколак)
Брукулакас — вампирический ревенант с греческих островов, который выглядит как труп с плотно натянутой красной кожей (смотри «Греческие вампиры»). Это зловонное и мерзкое создание с полым телом, наполненным слизью и экскрементами, разносящее мор на своем пути. Он охотится на людей ради их крови.
Strictly from the lore of the Epirus and Thessaly regions of Greece, this vampire would seem to answer the age- old question of “Can a werewolf be a vampire?” (See GREEK VAMPIRES).
In life, the person accused of being a brucolaco can fall into a state of being where all the muscles in his body will become rigid and remain in a fixed position. This person will show no reaction to painful stimuli and the limbs are said to feel “waxy”. Today we know this to be a nervous condition called catalepsy that is caused by disorders such as epilepsy or Parkinson’s disease. However, it was once honestly believed that this was a curse sent by God. It was said that while a person was in such a state, a wolf spirit left his body and went on the hunt, seeking human flesh and blood. When the person with the catalepsy eventually died, or when a person who was excommunicated by the Church died, he would then rise up as a vampiric REVENANT. It was described looking the way many GREEK VAMPIRES do, with its skin pulled so tightly over its body that it sounded like a drum when slapped. At night, it lets loose with a piercing cry, akin to the wail of the BANSHEE. Whoever answers its call the brucolaco will then kill with the plague.
In Jewish folklore, the broxa was a bird that suckled goats for their milk. It has been speculated that over time the broxa bird evolved into the broxa VAMPIRIC WITCH of medieval Portugal.
In the Portuguese lore, the broxa was a vampiric, demonic witch that looked like a typical human being. Created through witchcraft, the broxa flies through the night sky in search of people to attack and drain dry of the blood it needs to survive. It has an array of abilities that one might suspect a typical witch to have, such as divination, hypnotism, reading minds, and shape-shifting, but the demonic broxa is impossible to kill no matter what form it assumes.
Source: Gaster, Myth, Legend, and Custom, 580; Masters, Eros and Evil, 181; Monaghan, Women in Myth, 51; Trachtenberg, Jewish Magic, 43
First reported in 1892 by The Providence Journal Newspaper, this was the highly editorialized story of the alleged vampiric REVENANT known as Ms. Mercy Lena Brown of Exeter, Rhode Island. This story broke a full four years before Bram Stoker’s novel, Dracula, was even published.
Mercy Brown had consumption (pulmonary tuberculosis), just like her mother, Mary, who had already died of the disease, and her sister, Mary Olive, who died in 1888. In 1890 Mercy’s brother, Edwin, began to grow sick, and after watching her family grow ill and die all around her, Mercy herself began to show signs of the illness in 1891. Mercy lost her strength, her skin grew pale, and she stopped eating. At night her condition always seemed to worsen. From time to time in the morning she would awaken with traces of blood on her mouth and bedsheets, and panting heavily. Pale, thin, and half dead with blood on her lips, 19-year-old Mercy must have looked like a vampire even before she died on January 17, 1892.
Mercy’s father, George, after having lost a wife and two daughters in such a short period of time, was seriously concerned about the health and well-being of his only son and last remaining family member, Edwin, whose health had been failing for so long.
Зуву или Цзоу-юй — китайский мифический зверь, способный за день преодолевать расстояние в тысячу ли*. Традиционно выглядит как белый либо пятицветный тигр с огненной гривой и с хвостом, длина которого значительно превышает длину тела.
Впервые упоминается в «Книге Песен» (XI-VI века до н.э.), в числе «Песен царства Шао и стран лежащих к югу от него»:
The broucolaque of today is the end result of the social evolution from the broucolaque of ancient times. This modern- day vampiric REVENANT rises from the grave of particularly evil individuals, such as those who have been excommunicated from the Church.
Like most other GREEK VAMPIRES, the broucolaque is described as looking like the person it did in life but with its skin drawn tightly over its body, so tight in fact that when it is slapped, it sounds like a drum (see GREEK VAMPIRES). Also like other Greek vampires, it will knock on the doors of those it knew in life, trying to lure them out so that it can attack them, draining them of their blood. The modern broucolaque is something of a stalker, for if it cannot get an answer at a person’s home, it will then go to the field where he works or try to intercept him on the way to work. If it should meet a person during its travels, it will ask him a question. Should that person answer, he will die of some means the next day.
Perhaps in an attempt to appeal to the minds of a more modern people, the broucolaque is able to rise from its grave without disturbing the ground.
Source: Encyclopedia Americana, vol.6, 504-505; Whitelaw, Popular Encyclopedia, 778
The stories of ancient Greece are a place alive with heroes and the tales of their adventures (see GREEK VAMPIRES). When a hero or brigand is so intent on staying alive, they will return as a vampiric REVENANT called a broucolaque. Condemned to wander the world as an undead being, this bloodthirsty creature is gluttonous in its blood-drinking needs and revels in its atrocities (see UNDEATH). For hundreds of years this belief was held as a steadfast truth. In fact, it was so ingrained in Greek society that even the Catholic Church did not try to dissuade its belief, but rather added onto the mythology. The Church promised protection to its followers if they made offerings to the Church and paid to have masses said for the broucolaque on the anniversary of his death. Over the centuries the broucolaque changed and evolved in order to remain culturally comprehensible to the people who feared it.
Source: Guiley, Complete Vampire Companion, 55; Masters, Natural History of the Vampire, 169; Stewart, Romantic Movement, 137; Voltaire, Philosophical Dictionary, 560-561
In the Judeo-Christian folklore of Spain, el broosha is a vampiric demon that appears as a large black cat. By night, it hunts for infants to drain dry of their blood.
Эль броша — вампирический демон в иудео-христианском фольклоре Испании, который появляется как большая черная кошка. По ночам, она охотится на младенцев и высасывает у них кровь.
Bram Stoker’s fictional Dracula, the vampiric count from Transylvania, was hardly the first vampire story ever written, but it is beyond a doubt the grandfather of modern vampire literature in English-speaking countries, as well as a source for innumerable vampire stories that followed in its wave of success. Although Stoker researched the myths of the vampire, as an author he justifiably used artistic license to create his own vampire, one that would be more suitable and terrifying to his audience.
In regards to species, Dracula was not any one particular type of vampire, but a conglomeration of several different types, many of which were not even native to the part of the world that the vampire comes from.
In the novel, for the few pages that he actually appears in it, Dracula is described as a tall, pale man, sporting a thick, white Victorian moustache. He has a very full and substantial head of HAIR, bushy eyebrows, and even HAIR on the palm of his hands. His teeth are caninelike, his fingernails overly long, and his beautiful blue eyes turn red whenever he grows angry. Dressed in black, he is initially old when first encountered in the book; however, as the story progresses, he becomes increasingly younger looking.
The count has an array of vampiric abilities, such as weather control; shape-shifting into a bat, dog, and wolf; and “control over the meaner things”, such as bats, foxes, owls, rats, and wolves. He can also procreate his species in that he can create other vampires, such as his vampiric brides. Although it is not truly an “ability”, it is a misconception that Count Dracula would shrivel up and die if exposed to sunlight. This is not true; daylight has no such ill effect on the Count.
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