Блоги

Oberon. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Oberon

Оберон

Обероном именовали короля эльфов гораздо чаще, чем королеву эльфов — Титанией, даже если приравнять к Титании шотландскую Диану. Обероном звали короля эльфов во французском романе XV века. «Гюон Бордоский», который перевел на английский в 1548 году лорд Бернерс. Этот король являет собой пример эльфика ростом с трехлетнего ребенка, но малый рост его — следствие проклятия, наложенного на него злой феей при крещении. Оберон Шекспира — типичный эльфийский король во всем, включая и шашни со смертными, и следует отметить, что Дрейтон называет короля своих эльфов Обероном, хотя вместо Титании у него королева Маб. В эпоху раннего Возрождения духов-прислужников звали Ауберон и Обериком. Некоторые производят «Ауберон» от того же корня, что и имя немецкого карлика Альбериха.

[Мотив: F252.1]

Ogres. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Ogres

The word 'ogres' is used sometimes to describe man-eating giants, monstrous both in shape and habits, but it may also be taken to mean a race of creatures of mortal size who are anthropophagous.

George MacDonald in Phantastes uses the word in this sense to describe the sinister woman with the pointed teeth who sits quietly reading and looks up from her book to advise the hero not to look in a certain cupboard, advice that has more the effect of a temptation than a warning. It is possible that the giant in 'Mallie Whuppie', the Scottish version of 'Hop O' My Thumb', was an ogre rather than a giant, for his children were certainly of ordinary mortal size, though they would have grown up with a hereditary taste for human flesh.

[Motif: G312]

Ossian. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Ossian [isheen]

'Ossian' has been the usual Highland spelling of the Irish Oisin since the time of James Macpherson's poem Ossian, loosely founded on the Highland Ossianic legends. J.F.Campbell, in his discussion of the Scottish Ossianic legends in his Popular Tales of the West Highlands (Vol.IV), well establishes the widespread knowledge of the Ossianic poems and ballads in 18th-century Scotland and of the Fingalian legends. All over the Highlands, Ossian was known as the great poet and singer of the Feinn, who survived them all and kept the memory of them alive by his songs. Many of the Fenian legends survived in these songs, and in such early manuscripts as The Book of Leinster. 'The Death of Diarmid' and other tragic stories of the last days of the Feinn were deeply remembered and the tragic plight of Ossian, old, blind and mighty, is the most vivid of all. What is not recorded in the Highlands is his visit to Tir Nan Og and the happy centuries he passed with Niam of the golden hair.

Оссиан

Caillagh Ny Groamagh, or the 'Old Woman of Gloominess'. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Caillagh Ny Groamagh, or the 'Old Woman of Gloominess'

Caillagh ny Groamagh, or the 'Old Woman of Gloominess'. This is the Manx version of the Highland Cailleach Bheur and the Irish Cailleach Bera (Cally Berry in Ulster). The Manx Caillagh, as Gill tells us in A Manx Scrapbook (pp.347-349), seems to be particularly unlucky, for she fell into the crevice called after her in trying to step from the top of Barrule to the top of Cronk yn Irree Lhaa. The mark of her heel is still to be seen.

The Manx Caillagh, like all the rest, is a weather spirit. In Scotland winter and bad weather belong to her, but in Man she seems to operate all through the year. If St Bride's Day (1 February) is fine, she comes out to gather sticks to warm her through the summer; if it is wet, she stays in, and has to make the rest of the year fine in her own interests. A fine St Bride's Day is therefore a bad omen for the rest of the year.

She is said to have been seen on St Bride's Day in the form of a gigantic bird, carrying sticks in her beak. Cronk yn Irree Lhaa is supposed to be the usual home of the 'Old Woman of Gloominess'.

[Motif: A1135]

Lobs and Hobs. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Lobs and Hobs

Лобы и хобы

Хотя словом «хобгоблин» порою именуют дьявола — как у Баньяна в »ни хобгоблин, ни злой дух меня не устрашат» — а Лоба-что-лежит-у-огня Жена Горожанина в «Рыцаре огненного песта» называет «Великаном, чья мать была ведьма», обыкновенно словами «хоб» и «лоб» называют духа дружелюбного, с сельским оттенком. Оба имени принадлежат эльфам типа брауни, и лишь пуритане, считавшие всех эльфов чертями, под этими названиями имели в виду бесов. См. также Хоб или хобтраст; «хобмены».

[Мотив: F475]

Deyyam. Статья из «Призраки, чудовища и демоны Индии»

Deyyam

Deyyam is a Telugu word derived from the Indic word Dev. It is usually translated as “ghost”, though not all Deyyams are spirits of the dead.

In folk stories of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, Deyyams have many attributes in common with the Hindi Bhoot. But there are some differences. While Bhoots can stretch their arms and legs to reach a great distance, the Deyyam prefers to do this trick with its tongue — extending its glistening, prehensile pink muscle into another room to adjust the volume on a radio, or to turn off the gas burner of a stove. Deyyams also have the ability to transfer their spirit to any other living thing through a bite or a scratch. Sometimes these scratches seem to come from invisible entities hovering in cool air, in which case they are called deyyam barukulu, or ghost scratches. Deyyams are susceptible to fire, and appear to die a second death if they are burned.

Thus, in one folktale, a marauding Deyyam who had been feeding on the livestock of a certain village was caught, and the villagers burnt it to death. Just before the ghost died, it managed to grab hold of a chicken and claw a gash in its side. The chicken then became a demon-chicken that laid cursed eggs, out of which hatched bizarre feathered Deyyams with human heads. The demon chicken was later caught and killed and cooked, and all those who ingested its flesh turned into Deyyams as well.

Hobgoblin. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Hobgoblin

Used by the Puritans and in later times for wicked goblin spirits, as in Bunyan's 'Hobgoblin nor foul fiend', but its more correct use is for the friendly spirits of the brownie type. In a Midsummer Night's Dream a fairy says to Shakespeare's puck:

‘Those that Hobgoblin call you, and sweet Puck,

You do their work, and they shall have good luck:

Are you not he?'

and obviously Puck would not wish to be called a hobgoblin if that was an ill-omened word. 'Hob' and 'Lob' are words meaning the same kind of creature as the Hobgoblin, and more information will be found about these under hob, or hobthrust and lobs and hobs.

Hobgoblins and their kind do not strictly belong to the trooping fairies, nor yet to demons and goblins, though will o' the wisps and other tricksy spirits can be included in this category. They are, on the whole, good-humoured and ready to be helpful, but fond of practical joking, and like most of the fairies rather nasty people to annoy. Boggarts hover on the verge of hobgoblindom. Bogles are just over the edge.

[Motif: F470]

Old People. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Old People, the

Старый народ

Одно из корнуолльских Иносказательных названий эльфов. Оно основывалось на поверье, что Малый народец Корнуолла был душами язычников былых времён, которые умерли до прихода христианства и были слишком хорошими для ада, но слишком плохими для рая. Так они и остались подвешенными между преисподней и небесами до самого Страшного Суда. В начале 1900-х годов Эванс Вентц обнаружил, что это поверье разделяет значительная часть населения кельтских стран, которые он исследовал.

[Мотив: C433]

RSS-материал